1. Hard Capsules
Hard capsules, seyakajairwa mutakuri wezvinodhaka, ane yakanakisa kudzivirira uye kugadzikana zvinhu. Zvikamu zvadzo zvikuru igelatin uye zvinokonzeresa, uye zvakakodzerwa nekuputira yakasimba mushonga upfu kana granules. Hard capsules anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemishonga, kunyanya muminda yezvigadzirwa zvehutano, zvinovaka muviri, uye zvigadzirwa zvebiological. Nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo yakanaka yekuisa chisimbiso, vanogona kudzivirira zvinodhaka kubva pakunyorova uye oxidized, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi kugadzikana kwezvinhu zvinoshanda zvemishonga.
Iyo yekugadzira maitiro eakaoma capsules anonyanya kusanganisira matanho akadai segelatin kudhirowa, decolorization, kujekeswa, kuisa pfungwa, kubvisa mapuroteni, uye kuomesa. Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, mhando nyowani dzezvakaoma capsule zvinhu senge chirimwa capsules uye biodegradable capsules zvakaiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kumusika. Aya marudzi matsva emakapisi akaomarara ane zvirinani biocompatibility, biodegradability, uye kwezvakatipoteredza kuita, uye ari kuwedzera kufarirwa nevatengi.
Iyo yakaoma capsule musika, nepo ichikwikwidza zvakanyanya, inoratidzawo mamwe mafambiro ebudiriro. Chekutanga, kudiwa kwe-zvemhando yepamusoro uye{2}}kuchena kwegelatin kuri kuramba kuchikura, izvo zviri kuita kuti makambani anogadzira zvinhu awedzere ruzivo rwekugadzira uye kutonga kwemhando. Kechipiri, sezvo kutarisisa kwevatengi kune hutano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kunowedzera, chikamu chemusika chemiriwo capsules uye biodegradable capsules inotarisirwa kuwedzera mberi. Chekupedzisira, mashandisirwo ezvigadzirwa zvehungwaru zvekugadzira uye otomatiki mitsara yekugadzira mune yakaoma capsule kugadzirwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuri kupararira, kuvandudza kugona kwekugadzira uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa.
2. Soft Capsules
Makapsule akapfava, semutakuri wezvinodhaka anochinjika, akagara pachinzvimbo chakakosha mumusika wemishonga nekuda kwemabhenefiti awo akasiyana. Zvinogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaita segelatin, glycerin, nemvura, uye zvinogona kuva nezvinodhaka kana kuti semi-zvakaoma. Macapsules akapfava ane hunhu hwekuravira kwakanaka, kumedza nyore, uye kuvhara kuravira nekunhuhwirira kwezvinodhaka, uye nekudaro ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvehutano, zvinovaka muviri, uye yakakosha zvinodhaka zvinoumbwa.
Iyo nzira yekugadzira yeakapfava macapsules akaomesesa, anosanganisira akawanda matanho akadai sekubvisa, kucheneswa, kuumba, kuzadza, uye kuiswa chisimbiso kwegelatin. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, maitiro ekugadzira akapfava capsules agara achigadziridzwa. Semuyenzaniso, chirimwa{{2}based gelatin chinoshandiswa kutsiva yechinyakare gelatin, iyo inosimudzira kugarisana uye kugarisana kwezvakatipoteredza. Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yekuzadza yeakapfava capsules zvakare inogara ichivandudza, senge microencapsulation tekinoroji, inogona kudzora zvirinani kuburitswa kwezvinodhaka.
Pamusika, zvigadzirwa zvakapfava zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvinyoro zvinyoro zvakajairika, zvinogara-zvinoburitsa macapsules akapfava, uye akanyorovesa capsules akanangana. Nekuda kwevatengi kuwana hutano uye kurongeka, musika wakapfava unoratidza mafambiro anotevera: Chekutanga, kudiwa kwepamusoro-yemhando yepamusoro uye yepamusoro-chirimwa chehutsanana{{4}based soft capsules chiri kuwedzera. Chechipiri,-kuburitswa uye kwakanangwa matekinoroji ava hotspots mukutsvagisa nebudiriro yecapsule. Chechitatu, nekusimudzira kwekuziva kwezvakatipoteredza, biodegradable soft capsules inotarisirwa kuve iyo itsva yaidiwa mumusika unotevera. Aya maitiro anoratidza kuti musika wakapfava wecapsule unombundira nzvimbo yakakura yekusimudzira.
3. Enteric-Coated Capsules
Enteric -yakavharidzirwa capsulesimhando yakakosha yemishonga capsule. Chinhu chavo chikuru ndechekuti havanyungudika mujusi yemudumbu asi vanoburitsa mushonga mudumbu remukati. Iyi capsule dhizaini inoitirwa kuchengetedza mushonga kubva pakuparadzwa negastric acid uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mushonga unoburitswa mudumbu remukati, nekudaro uchivandudza kunyudzwa kwemushonga uye kushanda nesimba. Enteric{{3}coated capsules akakosha mukurapa kusanzwa zvakanaka mudumbu kana madhiragi asinganzwi gastric acid, senge mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, antifungal drugs, uye mamwe madhiragi akasimba.
Maitiro ekugadzira enteric-akavharidzirwa capsules anoda zvakanyanya. Kazhinji, zvinhu zvakakosha zvakakwirira-zvinoshandiswa sematehwe ecapsule, asinganyungudi mugastric acid asi anogona kunyungudika nekukasika munzvimbo yealkaline yemuura. Munguva yekugadzira, kukora uye kufanana kwematehwe ecapsule inoda kunyatsodzorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuburitswa kwemushonga muura. Nekuvandudzwa kwebiotechnology, zvinhu zvitsva zveenteric-zvakavharidzirwa capsule zvakaita sezvinhu zvinoora zvinogara zvichibuda, zvichiwedzera hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza uye kugarisana kwezvinhu.
4. Mamwe Marudzi eCapsules
Kunze kwemakapisi akaomarara, macapsules akapfava uye enteric-akavharidzirwa capsules, kune mamwe marudzi akasiyana-siyana emacapsules anowanikwa pamusika, rimwe nerimwe riine maitiro akasiyana ekushandisa uye zvakanakira. Semuyenzaniso, -macapsules akaburitswa anogona kudzora kuburitswa kwezvinodhaka, kuchengetedza kuwanda kwezvinodhaka muropa zvakadzikama, izvo zvinoenderana nezvirwere zvisingaperi zvinoda kurapwa kwenguva refu-. Dhizaini ye-yakaburitswa macapsules inogona kuderedza kuwanda kwemishonga kuvarwere uye kunatsiridza kutevedzera kwavo.
Targeted capsules imhando ye capsule inogona kuendesa zvakananga mishonga kune chaiyo nzvimbo. Kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekunangisa hwakadai sekuti masoja ekudzivirira chirwere kana kuti magineti kunanga, zvinodhaka zvinogona kudzivirira-matishu asina chinangwa uye kuderedza mhedzisiro. Rudzi urwu rwecapsule rwakanyanya kukosha mukurapwa kwegomarara nekuti rinogona kusimudzira kurapa uku ichideredza kukuvadzwa kweakajairwa matishu. Tsvagiridzo uye kushandiswa kwemakapisi akatarwa anomiririra kufambira mberi kwakakosha muhunyanzvi hwekuunza zvinodhaka.
Serudzi rutsva rwecapsule, miriwo capsules zvishoma nezvishoma inokwevera kutarisa kubva kumusika. Kazhinji inogadzirwa kubva kumapuroteni ezvirimwa, senge dzimwe nzira dzegelatin, dzinopa zviri nani biocompatibility uye kuderera. Macapsules aya haazadzise zvinodiwa pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza chete asiwo anopa zvimwe zvingasarudzwa kune vanodya miriwo neavo vasingawirirani nemhuka-yakagadzirwa gelatin. Nekuwedzera kwekuziva kwehutano uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza pakati pevatengi, mukana wemusika wemiriwo capsules wakakura.
